报告人简介：阿列克谢·谢米亚诺夫（Alexey Semyanov），欧洲科学院院士，俄罗斯国家科学院通讯院士，嘉兴大学神经科学研究中心主任，欧洲神经学界杰出专家，长期从事大脑突触外信号和神经元-胶质相互作用的研究。曾任日本理化脑研究所实验室主任，俄罗斯科学院生物有机化学研究所副所长，英国伦敦大学学院名誉教授。2016年入选俄罗斯科学院通讯院士，2019年入选欧洲科学院院士。作为首席科学家主持参与神经科学领域15项重大欧洲科研项目，获批科研经费1000余万美元，发表各类期刊论文100余篇，专著2部，拥有10项专利。担任国际神经科学20余类科学期刊的主编、副主编、评审和编委会成员，主持过19次各类国际神经科学大会，是20多个国际学术组织成员。

报告简介：Thefunctional relevance of delayed and slow calcium transients in the astrocytesremains unclear. Calcium could trigger a metabolic response in the cells. Toaddress this possibility, we performed Raman microspectrometry (label-freemetabolic imaging) in awake mice running on a treadmill. Green fluorescentprotein was expressed in astrocytes and near-infrared protein in neurons forcell identification. Raman spectra recorded from astrocytes and neurons wereused to quantify reduced c- and b-type cytochromes. The relative amount ofreduced cytochromes reversibly increased in astrocytes and decreased in neuronsduring episodes of locomotion.

This finding suggests anincreased amount of electrons in the electron-transport chain in astrocytes, whichcan trigger the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We assessed theproduction of ROS with two-photon imaging of H2O2 in themitochondria of astrocytes and neurons. Consistent with our hypothesis,locomotion led to the production of H2O2 in theastrocytic mitochondria but not neuronal. Astrocytic H2O2generation possibly plays a role in communication between astrocytes and othercells in the brain active milieu.